Process of regulating heating devices.



H. G. MALLORY. PROCESS OF REGULATING HEATING DEVICES.

APPLI'UATION FILED HAY 20. 1903.

Patented June 28, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. c. MALLORY. PROCESS OF REGULATING HEATINGDEVICES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1903.

a. 968,007. Patented Ju ne 28,1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 l2 4 (Y fizveyzoz- 9 L laid 72693 H. C. MALLORY. PROCESS OF RBGULATING HEATING DEVICES.

APPLICATION FLED an 20. 1903.

Patented June 28, 1910.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 fizvrzr I 2y 6'. m 5 Lew K j .lfornegps,

W. Y k s I? a r a? I X UinTiin srirri HARRY C. MALLORY, OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF EEGULA'IING HEATING DEVICES.

Specification of Letters fatent. lutgutgd June 28, 1910.

Application filed Kay 20, 1903. Serial No. 158.640.

To all wizorn. it may concern:

Beit known that I, HARRY C. MiLLoiiv. a

citizen of the United States residing at (h p cago, in the county of Cook and rtatc ot Illin is. have invented a certain useful improvement in a Pro lowing is a spc-':ilicaii .'-n.

My invention relates to a process of regulating heating devices or systems, and has for object to provide a new and improved process of this description.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a diagrammatic view showing a system provided with means for carrying my process into etl'ect. Figs. and 3 are similar views showing modifications ol' the means for elleciir my process. Fig. l is a sectional view illustrating one form of controlling valve associated with the heater. Fig. 5 is a sectioztal view of one form of thermostatic controlling device. Fig. 6 is a sectional View of another form or controlling valve. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showin still another form of the controlling va ve for the heater.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

My present invention relates to heating systems in which the circulation of the heating iluidthrough radiators, 3;: he like, is directly controlled by :1 therm static valve which acts on the steam inlet to a radiator or the outlet from a radiator for water of condensation. or upon both the steam inlet and water outlet. of the radiator.

The object 01' the invention is the more eiiicient. regulation of the thermostatic alve referred to and of the circulation controlled new and s of Rtfilb lating Heating Devices ot which the fol-Q ing part or casing 13*.

h the valve and this I accom )lish hv sub- 1 7 A g ectmg the thermostatic mechanism oi the I valve to the action of a stream of heating or cooling fluid which forced to am,

through or by said mechanism, as well when the thermostatic valve is closed as when it is open, and as itpasses said mechanism rapidly lieais or cools the latter as tit-sired.

An important feature of my inz'emimi consists in creating the llow of a =zrcam of heating or cooling iluid when a low pressurocscape conduit from the radiator regulatcd'is employed, 'n the difference between the pressure of the atmosphere and the pressure in said escape conduit. in the appzr ratus shown in the drawings for utilizing the invention, the tlow of said stream through or by the thermos atic mechanism i controlled by u thermostatic pilot valve, the action of which can be determined by the temperature of a room to be heated or of some other place of varying temperature.

My new process can be carried into effect with apparatus of many forms, and in the drawings,- l have illustrated several forms of apparatus all new with me, but not claimed in this appli ation. which will be limited in sc pe to the method common to all the forms of apparatus disclosed. it is my intention to cover the apparatiis disclosed in separate.

patents.

Referring now to Fig. l of the drawings, wherein l have illustrated, diagrammatically, a heating system, I have shown the source of supply of heating fluid as the pipe A.

I have shown various devices associated with di i'ercnt radiators. Referring to the radiator A, of Fig. l, 1 have shown a valve B which may be called a thermo-motor valve. The steam admitted to this radiator at the top and the admission of steam contr lled automaticall so as to supply the proper amount required to maintain a substantially unit'm-in temperature in the apartment. This valve 1) is illustra cd in Fig. l and con. 'sts of an outer member B, preferably of material having a low cocllicicnt of expansion, as iron, and an inner incmbcr ll of a material having a higher eoellicicut of expansion, as brass. The member B preferably adjustably connected with the member B and is provided at one cud with a piston B working in a surround- The piston is provided with ports or openings-.B adapted to co-act with the ports or openings B" in the casing. Steam enters the valve by the pipe ll pass s into the hollow piston. and if the iorrs l3 and B re ister. will iass there- 100 l 1 through and enter the radiator by means of pipe 13'. Air of dillerent temperatures is made to enter the valve through pipe B and passes hetwccn the two members so as to contract or expand the member B and t.l1us, change the relative position of the ports 13 and R".

Referring now to Fig. l. I have shown a thermostat C on the wall. responsive to variations in temperature of the apartment to 110 be heated and adapted to control the air passing through the valve B. One form of thermostat for this purpose is illustrated in Fi 5 and consists of an outer member C an an inner member C of diii'erent coefficient; of expansion, the member C being of a material having preferably the higher coefiicient of expansion. The member C is provided with a piston C surrounded by the sleeve C within the valve casing or fitting C The casing C is provided with two chambers, one connecting with the pipe C and the other with the pipe C. The piston C is provided with the ports C adapted to cooperate with the ports C in the sleeve C and communicating with the chamber associated with the pipe C. Said piston is also provided with the ports C, cooperating with the ports C in the sleeve C and communicating with the chamber in the casing associated with pipe .0. The piston C is hollow and the end communicates with the pipe C", leading to a source of air supply shown as the pump P. The pipe (1 passes to the external atmosphere and is preferably provided with a coil C exterior to the building, and then passes to the pipe B. The pipe C might be associated with another source of supply of cold air, but I have explained the most convenient source. The pipe C passes in proximity to the radiator so as to be heated thereby, and preferably through the upper part, as shown, and then communicates with the pipe B. In this event the air in the pipe C is heated. It is of course evident that said pipe may be associated with any other source of heated air, if desired.

Vlhen the room is at the proper temperature the piston of the thermostatic device is in such position as to close the ports C and C and no air is forced through the valve B. If now, the temperature in the apartment rises above the predetermined point the outer member of the thermostat expands and the piston C is moved upwardly and the ports 0'" are made to register with the ports C, thus connccting the source of air supply with the pipe C. As this pipe pass-cs through or near the radiator the air in it is warmed and this warm air is passed through the valve B. This causes the member B" to expand and the piston B is moved upwardly so as to decrease the amounts of the ports B and B" which rcgistcr. thus decreasing the quantity of stcam admitted to the radiator. The ports will be so adjusted as to secure the proper admission to maintain a uniform tcmpcraturc. If, on the other hand. the temperature in the apartmcnt falls b..- low the predetermined point, the thermostat is acted upon by the temperature of the apartment so as to move the piston C downwardly, thus causing the ports C and C to register. This connects the source of air supply with the pipe C containing the cold air and this cold air is forced through the valve. The member C of said valve, (Fig. 4), is then moved downwardly so as to increase the area of the ports in the valve and its surrounding part, thus increasing the amount of steam which enters the radiator. It will thus be seen that by proper adjustment and arrangement of the parts a uniform temperature may be maintained in the apartment. The water of condensation is removed in any desired mann as for example, by the thermostatic valve A and the pipe A connectedto a vacuum chamber or hot well V.

Referring now to radiator D, Fig. 2, the regulation is performed by re ulating the discharge of the water of condensation by means of a valve similar to the valve B, except that it is inverted. This valve is illustrated in F 8. The thermostat on the wall in this case is similar to that shown in connection with radiator A. In this case there is no source of air supply used, but the valve B is connected to the exhaust device or chamber V, b means of the pipe A", and hence when tie thermostatic valve on the .wall is connected with either pipe C" or C,

the cold or warm air is drawn through the valve by this exhaust device. The amount of steam. admitted is controlled by the amount of water of condensation permitted to accumulate in the radiator and this water is drawn out automatically by the valve B in response to variations in the temperature of the apartment acting on thermostat C. If, for example, the temperature falls below the predetermined oint, cold air is forced through the valve so as to contract the inner member 13 and move the piston 13 so that a greater amount of the coiiperating ports register, thus permitting more water of condcnsalion to escape. This permits the intrmluction of more steam and raises the temperature of the apartment. \Vhcn the tcmpcrature of the apartment rises too high, warm air is forced through the .valve and the inner mcmber expanded so as to move the piston to reduce the area of registration of the coiipcrating parts, thus decreasing the amount of water of condensation permitted to escape.

In radiator E, Fig. 3, I have shown a construction where both the admission of the steam and the cscapeof the water of condcnsation are controlled by a compound thcrmo-motor valve, such a valve beingillustratcd in Fig. 6. This valve consists of the outer member B and the inner member B to which the piston B is connected. and within the member B is another member 1, preferably having a very low coefficient of expansion, and to tlnsniember is connected :1 piston I provided with ports lfcoiiperating with portsl in a surrounding sleeve I communicating with the pipe I, through which the water of condensation passes from the radiator. The piston is hollow and communicates with the pipe I", through which the water of co densation is led away, said pipe being preferably connected to some exhaust device, as shown. A pipe J leads from the bottom of thermostat- C to the valve. The hollow portion of the valve is connected by pipe J with the exhaust device V so that the hot and cold air is drawn through by means of this exhaust device. This device works in the same way as here tofore described, except that it controls both the admission of the steam and the discharge of the water of condensation. If, for example, the temperature of the a artmcnt falls, cold air is passed through t e valve, causing the member B to contract. This lowers piston B and piston I, thus increasing the amount of the ports in each which register with the corresponding ports, and thus increasing the amount of steam admitted and the amount of water discharged. "hen the temperature rises, the warm air is passed throtwh the valve and the opposite movement of the ports results.

I have illustrated some particular mechanisms for carryin out my process, but it is of course evident t at other appliances may he used, and I sim ly suggest the device as herein illustrated in order to clearly show some definite means of carrying out the process.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The process of regulating the heating efi'ect of a heating device having a low pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for directl controlling the flow of a heating fluid through the device, which process consists in employin the difference between the pressure of tie atmosphere and that in the escape pipe to cause a stream of a fluid temperature changing medium to flow when said valve is closed as well as when it is o n, and directing said stream against the t ierinostatic actuating mechanism of the valve.

2. The process of regulating the heating effect of a heating device having a low pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for directl controlling the flow of a heating fluid through the device, which process consists in emp oving the diti'crence between the pressure of the atmosphere and that in the escape pipe to cause a stream of air to low when said valve is closed as well as when it is open, and directing said stream against the thermostatic actuating mechanism of said valve.

3. The process of regulating the hen ng effect of a heating device having a low pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for dircctiv controlling the ilov; of a heating fluid through the device. which process consists in employing the lilicrcni-o between the pressure of the atmosphere and that in the escape pipe to cause a stream of a fluid temperature changing medium to flow when said val e is closed as well as. when it is open, and directing said str am against the thermostatic actuafing mechanism of the valve. and varying the influence of said stream on said actuating mechanism in re sponse to variations in the temperature of the apartment heated by said device.

4. The process of regulating the heating effect of a heating device having a tow pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for directly controllingthcflow of a heating fluid through the device. which process consi. in employing the diifercncc between the pressure of the atmosphc ":e and that in the escape pipe to cause a stream of air of the temperature of the external atmosphere to flow when said value is closed as well as when it is open, and directing said stream against the thermostatic actuating mechanism of the valve, and varying the influence of said stream on said actuating mechanism in response to variations in the temperature of the apartment heated by said device.

5. The process of regulating the heating efl'ect of a heating device having a low pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for directly controlling the flow of a heating fluid through the device, which consists in creating a flow, when said valve is closed as well as when it is open, of a stream of a fluid temperature changing medium from a source of said medium under pressure exceeding that of said escape pipe, by the diherence between the pressure of the fluid in said source and the pressure in said escape pipe, and directing said stream against the thermostatic actuating mechanism of the valve.

6. The process of securing cflicient. regulation of heating devices in which the circulation of heating fluid is directly controlled by a thermostatic valve, which process consists in subjecting said thermostatic actuating mechanism of said valve to a stream of a coolin medium, or to a stream of a heating me ium, respectively, as the temperature of the apartment heated fluctuates to one side or to the other of a predetennined degrcc, maintaining the flow of one or the other of said mediums as the temperature conditions of said apartment may require during the period of such fluctuations, and interposing a positive barrier to the flow of one medium while the flow of the other is maintained.

7. The process of regulating the heating etlect of a heating device having a low pres sure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for controlling the flow of a heating fluid through the device, \vhith process consists in employing the difi'erence between the pressure of the atmosphere and that m the escape pipe to cause a stream of air of the temperature of the external atmosphere to flow when said valye is closed as well as when it is open, directing said stream against the thermostatic actuating mechanism of the valve, and varying the influence of said stream on said actuating mechanism as the temperature conditions of the apartment heated may require.

S. The process of regulating the heating effect of a heating device having a low pres sure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for controlling the flow of a heatin fiuid through the evice, which consists in employing the {difference between the pressure of the atmosphere and that-in the escape pipe to cause a stream of air to How when said valve is closed as well as when it is open, directing said stream against the therinostaticfactuating mechanism of the valve and varying the temperature of said stream to thereby yary the actuation of said valve 1 i i l 1 as the temperature conditions in the apartments heated may require.

9. The process of securing efficient regulation of the heating effect of a heating device having a low pressure escape pipe and a thermostatic valve for controlling the flow of a heating fluid through the device, which consists in employing the difference between the pressure in the atmosphere and that in the escape pipe to cause a stream of a fluid temperature changing medium to flow when said valve is closed as well as when it is open, directing said stream against the thermostatic actuating mechanism of the valve, and utilizing two supplies of air of different temperatures as sources from which said stream is drawn to thereby regulate the action of the stream on said thermostatic valve mechanism.

HARRY C. MALLORY. 

